Interpretation of Aero-radiometric Data for Geothermal Potential Assessment in Yelwa and Environs, Nigeria

This study presents a comprehensive radiometric analysis of the region within northwestern Nigeria, aimed at assessing its geothermal and mineral resource potential. Rock density values ranging from 2.00 to 2.99 g/cm³ indicate a heterogeneous lithological composition, comprising granite, basalt, and sedimentary formations. Gamma radiation intensity, measured in counts per second (–248.344 to 6285.020 cps), reveals generally weak emissions, likely due to low concentrations of radioactive elements or shielding effects from dense overburden. Radioelement concentrations exhibit wide variability, with Potassium (–0.282 to 4.925%), Thorium (–1.323 to 51.563 ppm), and Uranium (–4.928 to 17.914 ppm). Negative values are attributed to calibration errors, while elevated Th and U levels suggest the presence of felsic rocks and potential zones of radiogenic heat generation. Calculated radioactive heat production values (0.001991 to 0.005224 µW/m³) are consistent with continental crustal averages and correlate strongly with Th and U concentrations. These findings contribute to regional energy planning, mineral exploration, and a deeper understanding of crustal thermal dynamics.